Turntable Bearings: Installation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting
Turntable bearings are a type of large bearing with a special structure that can simultaneously withstand axial, radial, and tilting moments. They have high load capacity and integrate multiple functions such as support, rotation, transmission, and fixing. Compared to regular rolling bearings, the significant characteristic of turntable bearings is their ability to withstand large eccentric loads (i.e., tilting moments). There are different industrial bearing types. The load capacity is greatly related to the eccentric distance of the load. Most turntable bearings have mounting holes, lubrication holes, and sealing devices, thus featuring compact structure, simple installation, and convenient maintenance.
Installation of Turntable Bearings
Before installing turntable bearings , the mounting surface of the host machine should be checked. The support components must have sufficient strength, and the connection surface should be machined with a flat surface free from debris and burrs. If the required flatness cannot be achieved through machining, highly strong special plastics can be injected as fillers to ensure the precision of the mounting surface and to dampen vibrations.
Turntable bearing raceways have quenched soft zones marked with an "S" on the ends of the raceways. During installation, these soft zones should be positioned in non-load or infrequent load areas (the plug hole is always located at the soft zone).
When installing turntable bearings, first perform radial positioning, tighten the bolts in a cross pattern, and check the rotation of the bearing. When tightening the bolts, sufficient pre-tightening force should be applied; the pre-tightening force should be 70% of the bolt material's yield limit. Use tempered flat washers and avoid using spring washers.
Maintenance of Turntable bearings
For turntable bearings that are installed and operational, after 100 hours of continuous operation, a thorough check of the pre-tightening torque of the mounting bolts should be performed. Subsequently, repeat this check every 500 hours of continuous operation.
Turntable bearings should be filled with an appropriate amount of grease after installation, while rotating the bearing to evenly distribute the grease. After a period of operation, some grease loss is inevitable; therefore, add grease every 50 to 100 hours of normal operation.
Transportation and Storage of Turntable bearings
During transportation, bearings should be placed horizontally on the transport vehicle with measures taken to prevent sliding and vibration. Auxiliary supports should be added if necessary.
Turntable Bearings: Causes of Failure During Operation
Contact Fatigue Failure
Wear Failure
Fracture Failure
Clearance Change Failure
Turntable bearings, during operation, can experience clearance change failure due to external or internal factors, leading to changes in original fit clearance, reduced precision, and potential locking ("biting"). External factors include excessive interference, improper installation, the expansion caused by temperature rise, and instantaneous overload. Internal factors include the unstable state of residual austenite and residual stress, which are primary causes of clearance change failure.